The objective of this course is to provide participants with competency in petroleum geochemistry. It covers the fundamental concepts and practical applications of petroleum geochemistry in the exploration, evaluation, and production of hydrocarbons (oil and gas). Emphasis is placed on the practical use of geochemical methods to solve real exploration and production challenges, making the course highly relevant for geologists, geophysicists, and petroleum engineers. The course also provides a comprehensive understanding of the origin, evolution, and transformation of organic matter throughout geological history. Laboratory techniques will be reviewed, including Rock–Eval pyrolysis, Soxhlet extraction, column chromatography, asphaltene precipitation, gas chromatography (GC), gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS), headspace gas analysis, and organic petrography using transmitted, reflected, and UV light. Practical examples and exercises are incorporated throughout the program. In addition, the course addresses evaluation techniques used to assess the quantity, quality, maturity, and depositional environments of petroleum source rocks, as well as oil- and gas-prone kerogens. Participants will learn about hydrocarbon generation, maturation processes, and primary, secondary, and tertiary migration mechanisms, including common interpretational pitfalls.